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Parliaments & Representatives

How Instagram is failing women and public officials

New research by CCDH shows that Instagram failed to act on 93% of the abusive comments targeting high-profile US women politicians we reported, including death and rape threats.

Meta’s Instagram is becoming a weapon in this assault, failing to step up to make its platform safer as the US election approaches.

CCDH reported 1,000 abusive comments targeting women politicians running for office in 2024 including:

Democrat: VP Kamala Harris, Representatives Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, Jasmine Crockett, Nancy Pelosi and Senator Elizabeth Warren.

Republican: Representatives Marjorie Taylor Greene, Maria Elvira Salazar, Anna Paulina Luna, Lauren Boebert and Senator Marsha Blackburn.

A week later, Instagram had taken no action against 926 of these hateful comments, which contained sexist and racist abuse, and death and rape threats.

An intro from CCDH CEO Imran Ahmed

Online spaces are now the primary places where societal norms and values are negotiated and normalized, and where we learn about and discuss current events, social issues, and politics. In 2024, with democracy hanging in the balance, social media platforms are under heightened scrutiny for their role in rising polarization, stoking division, and our increasingly toxic political environment. So how are they doing? In the case of Instagram, this report finds that they may as well not be trying at all. Abuse is endemic, and there is evidence they fail to act in over 9 in 10 instances even when alerted...

Read here the full report published by the Center for Countering Digital Hate on 14 August 2024.

Image by Center for Countering Digital Hate 

 

A report found that Instagram left up 93 percent of violent comments toward female candidates—the kind of online abuse that has led them to not seek office.

Pinned on vice president and Democratic presidential nominee Kamala Harris’ official Instagram page is a post featuring her alongside her running mate, Minnesota governor Tim Walz. In the comments, along with praise, criticism, and more than one “Trump 2024,” are several comments asking if Harris had offered Walz oral sex, with one calling her “Kamel toe.”

Harris has long been the subject of online abuse, which is likely to intensify as her campaign wears on. But a new report from the Center for Countering Digital Hate (CCDH), a nonprofit that tracks hate speech and misinformation online, found that Instagram failed to remove 93 percent of the 1,000 hateful and violent comments it flagged to the platform targeting both Republican and Democratic female politicians, including Harris.

In doing so, Imran Ahmed, CEO of CCDH, says that the platform is helping to create an environment that discourages women from seeking political office. “It’s an unconscionable, regressive barrier to women’s participation in politics,” he says.

Read here the full article published by Wired on 14 August 2024.

Image by Wired

 

As elections unfold throughout this super election year, much of the discussion has revolved around the advanced age of some candidates running for office. However, what about the younger voices that are adding fresh perspectives and energy to the political arena?

The IPU has been meticulously tracking the average age of parliamentarians at national, regional and global levels for many years, becoming the authoritative data reference on youth in parliament. 

According to IPU data, the three parliamentarians  below are currently the youngest serving MPs. 

Cleo Wilskut (20), South Africa: Ms. Wilskut of the Patriotic Alliance made history as the youngest member of the National Assembly elected just a few weeks ago in June 2024.

Eve Borg Bonello (21), Malta: Ms. Bonello of the Nationalist Party became an MP in 2022, becoming  the youngest person to be elected to the House of Representatives of Malta in the country’s history.

Hana-Rawhiti Maipi-Clarke (21), New Zealand: Ms. Maipi-Clarke, a member of the Te Pāti Māori Party, was elected in 2023 as one of the youngest MPs in New Zealand's history.

On the other end of the scale, the three oldest parliamentarians in the world are the following:

Salah Goudjil (93), Algeria: Mr. Goudjil serves in the Council of the Nation, the upper house of the Algerian Parliament.

Augusto Gómez Villanueva (95), Mexico: Mr. Gomez represents a circonscription of Mexico City in the Mexican National Assembly.

Guillermo García Frías (96), Cuba: Mr. García, a veteran of the Cuban Revolution, serves in the National Assembly.

Read here the article published by the Inter-Parliamentary Union on 7 August 2024.

 

The world’s longest-serving female leader was, according to her son, “in good spirits, but disheartened and disappointed in the lack of gratitude of the people of Bangladesh”.

After weeks of protests, more than 300 deaths and increased international criticism of her government’s slide into autocracy, the long rule of Sheikh Hasina ended on Monday as she fled the country she had led for a combined total of more than 20 years.

The daughter of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, Bangladesh’s first president who led his country to independence in 1971, Hasina flew to India, where she was born in 1947 and where she was granted asylum in 1975, after a military coup caused the deaths of most of her family.

It was 49 years ago this month that her father, mother, young brothers and 15 others were shot dead in what were called the midnight murders. Hasina, her husband and her sister Sheikh Rehana were travelling in Germany at the time and so survived.

Ironically for a woman deposed by a student uprising, while at Dhaka University studying literature, Hasina built a reputation as a student leader and feminist. Her political bent resumed when she returned to Bangladesh from a six-year exile in India in 1981, after being elected leader of her late father’s Awami League (AL) party.

Read here the full article published by the Guardian on 06 August 2024.

Image by Guardian

 

Google is joining the growing number of companies standing up to sexually explicit deepfakes.

The Alphabet division has made it easier for users to report nonconsensual imagery found in search results, including those made by artificial intelligence tools. While it was previously possible for users to request the removal of these images prior to the update, under the new policy whenever that request is granted, the company will scan for duplicates of the nonconsensual image and remove those as well. Google will also attempt to filter all explicit results on similar searches.

“With every new technology advancement, there are new opportunities to help people—but also new forms of abuse that we need to combat,” product manager Emma Higham wrote in a blog post. “As generative imagery technology has continued to improve in recent years, there has been a concerning increase in generated images and videos that portray people in sexually explicit contexts, distributed on the web without their consent.”

Read here the full article published by the Fast Company on 31 July 2024.

Image credits: Fast Company

 

The new European Parliament hasn’t only tilted right-wing, it’s also even more male-dominated.

Only 277 of the new Parliament’s 719 confirmed EU lawmakers are women: 38.5 percent, down from about 40 percent in the previous hemicycle. It’s the first-ever decline in the proportion of women in the Parliament, which had been on a consistent upward trajectory since 1979.

A cursory comparison with the Parliament’s previous terms suggests that political groups’ gender ratio has actually remained fairly stable — with one exception: the right-wing European Conservatives and Reformists, led by a prominent female politician in Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni, slipped from a 30 percent proportion of female MEPs across the previous term to under 22 percent: Just 17 of its 78 MEPs are women today.

Women’s rights campaigners have reacted with disappointment at the decreased representation.

“This is worrying, especially considering that quite a significant proportion of MEPs sit within political groupings that are known to be hostile toward women’s rights and gender equality,” Jéromine Andolfatto, policy and campaign officer for the European Women’s Lobby, said in written comments.

An analysis of the gender balance within Parliament’s groups reveals a clear divide.

Liberal and left-leaning groups boast shares of women lawmakers above the Parliament’s average, ranging from 43 percent in the Socialists and Democrats group to 51 percent of the Greens.

Read here the full article published by POLITICO on 29 July 2024.

Image by Politico

 

The “Women in politics: 2023” map, created by the Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU) and UN Women, presents new data for women in executive positions and national parliaments as of 1 January 2023. Data show that women are underrepresented at all levels of decision-making worldwide and that achieving gender parity in political life is far off.

Women serve as Heads of State and/or Government in only 31 countries. Women make up 26.5 per cent of Members of Parliament. Globally, less than one in four Cabinet Ministers is a woman (22.8 per cent). New data show that women lead important human rights, gender equality, and social protection policy portfolios, while men dominate policy areas like defence and economy.

Source: UN Women

 

In 2022, women’s leadership in the world’s parliaments continued with a slow pace of incremental growth as the world re-emerged after two years of COVID-19 pandemic lockdowns and losses. Women reached new milestones in parliamentary representation around the globe and the context for women’s political leadership continued to expand.

Click here to see the report.

Women’s representation in India’s Parliament is an important metric to evaluate progress in bridging gender inequities in the country. India has a female population of 662.9 million and is the largest and one of the most resilient parliamentary democracies in the world. As the country completes 75 years of independence, this paper gives a historical account of the progress in women’s representation in Parliament over the past decades. It compares women’s parliamentary representation with their share in legislative positions at the lower levels. It notes that despite impressive increase in turnout of women voters in elections, opening up spaces for participation of women in electoral politics has been a slow process as a result of deep-rooted structural constraints. It argues that institutional transformation, coupled with socio-economic emancipation holds the key to increased participation by women in electoral politics.

Click here to read the full article published by Observer Research Foundation on 16 November 2022.

Ensuring GSP principles are embedded in political institutions is vital for a healthy democracy. It highlights that women’s inclusion and equality does not just stop at the ballot box. All groups must be able to fully participate within our elected institutions for our democracies to work effectively and to the good of all in our societies. This interim report comes at a timely moment for the GSP agenda.

More recently, the CPA and CWP updated its gender sensitive guidelines providing a ‘checklist’ for parliamentary change. Not only this, but COVID-19 has offered a moment of significant reform (albeit temporary in many cases) to parliamentary practices and procedures across the Commonwealth and many political institutions around the world are reflecting on the experience and the lessons learnt.

The 2020 CPA Gender Sensitising Parliaments Guidelines set out four dimensions of Gender Sensitive Parliaments (Figure 1). This interim report focuses on the first two dimensions: ‘Equality of participation within Parliament’ and ‘Parliamentary infrastructure’. It documents the current state of play regarding GSP practices in institutions across the British Islands and Mediterranean region (BIMR), particularly in light of institutional responses to COVID-19 and recommends ‘best practice’ reforms for the short and medium term.

Click here to access the report.

Gender and politics scholars are increasingly making appeals to ethnographic methodology to bring important contributions to understand the reproduction of gender, gender hierarchies, gendered relations, and their redress in parliamentary settings. This article draws upon fieldwork conducted in the U.K. House of Commons and the European Parliament and finds distinctive gendered cultures and norms in debating and working parliaments. Focusing on one dimension of this distinction—the parliamentary debating chamber—the article argues that parliamentary ethnography provides novel empirical insights into this conceptual distinction and into empirical understandings of gendered debating and working parliaments. While parliamentary ethnography is a fruitful innovation, the article discusses the drawbacks of this methodology and provides feminist reflection on ways to make it more accessible.

Click here to read the full article published by Cambridge University Press on 3 August 2022.

This report highlights the key findings from research conducted by Equal Voice on sexual harassment in Canada’s legislative Assemblies.

Click here to access the report.