Women's Leadership
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Time is quickly ticking towards 2030 — the deadline set by world leaders to achieve the UN’s Global Goals — and we haven’t yet done enough to reach gender equality by that year. In fact, we're still about 300 years away.
When the 17 goals — which include things like ending hunger and achieving gender equality — were first outlined, progress on global gender equality seemed to arrive quickly through the election of women to leadership positions, laws targeting gender-based violence (GBV), and the end to discriminatory practices such as bans that prevented women from driving.
Click here to read the full article published by Global Citizen on 16 August 2023.
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The fact that Mexico — where women didn’t have a constitutional right to vote until 1953 and which today struggles with femicides — could have a woman president might seem remarkable.
But political experts point to Latin American leaders such as Cristina Fernández de Kirchner in Argentina; Michelle Bachelet in Chile; Violeta Barrios de Chamorro in Nicaragua; and most recently, Xiomara Castro in Honduras. And they note the gender parity laws across the region that led to more women entering politics.
Click here to read the full article published by Mexico Daily Post on 15 August 2023.
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In the words of Melinda Gates, “A woman with a voice is by definition a strong woman. But the truly powerful woman is one who uses her voice.” This sentiment resonates strongly with my recent experience when my elementary school daughter asked me to help her research Funmilayo Ransome-Kuti, a remarkable figure in Nigeria’s pre-independence history. Prior to that moment, I only knew her as the first Nigerian woman to drive a car and as an activist.
Click here to read the full article published by Independent Nigeria on 10 August 2023.
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Women’s groups in civil society have found that a lack of acceptance from political parties and other challenges has reduced women’s success in politics despite greater involvement.
Speaking at a press conference yesterday, Gender and Development for Cambodia (GADC) Advocate and Network Director Sangva Phuong Vina said that although the number of female candidates for the 7th National Assembly election had increased by 7.2%, this number indicates there is still a big gap between men and women. The number of women elected to the National Assembly has decreased significantly.
Click here to read the full article published by Khmer Times on 10 August 2023.
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As we approach the 76th anniversary of our independence this year, one would anticipate significant advancements in the roles and achievements of women across various domains. However, despite the strides India has taken in numerous sectors, there remains a notable absence of adequate representation of women in the realms of politics and bureaucracy. As we commemorate this Independence Day, our campaign, ‘Azaad Bharat, Azaad Naari’ aims to spotlight critical women's issues encompassing discrimination, injustice, and inequality. Through this initiative, we aim to draw attention to the available data concerning women's participation in politics and bureaucracy.
Click here to read the full article published by Herzindagi on 10 August 2023.
Leaders who bring back humanity into their decisions and actions are the leaders we so desperately need. This is the bottom line.
From my research on women as social partners in leadership positions, I am finding that women embody these values.
Let us reflect on the quote, "We have not inherited the land from our fathers, but have borrowed it from our children." There is a duty implied here. A woman who looks out for her children is more adept and vigilant in securing her children's rights.
Click here to read the full article published by News24 on 9 August 2023.
Gender quotas have diffused rapidly around the globe in recent decades, suggesting widespread and dramatic transformations in women's access to political power. Yet, quotas often face serious challenges following their introduction, resulting in a gap between quota requirements and electoral outcomes. To explore these dynamics, this article develops a theoretical account of how and why political elites resist the changes called for by quota reforms. It argues that three tools predicated upon women's exclusion from the political sphere – false universalism and political principles, male power and political survival, and gender and leadership norms – are often mobilized to render quotas illegitimate, making resistance understandable and, indeed, even desirable on a host of grounds. The article then catalogues trends in resistance at different stages of the electoral process, integrating materials from case studies around the world – and exposing a wide range of strategies, often creative, to subvert the impact of quota policies. Adopting gender quotas may thus be only the beginning – rather than the end – of a long and contested process to empower women as political actors.
Click here to see the report.
The Second Annual Summer School for Young Leaders from African Political Parties took place in Kigali, Rwanda, on 6–8 June 2018. The overall theme was ‘Youth participation in political processes: emerging trends of the negative aspects of money in politics’.
The Summer School unfolded in a context that recognized that youth participation in politics, especially by young women, either in the form of direct representation in political structures or within less formal modes of political engagement, remains limited across Africa.
These low levels of active participation and influence by young people unfold in a situation where young people constitute a very large and growing proportion of the general population.
Click here to see the report.
Gender quotas are a means to improve women’s political representation. This article examines the impact of Jordan’s municipal quota enacted in 2007. The quota drew into the political arena women who would otherwise not have run for office. Women councillors have firmly established their rightful presence on the local councils, a public realm previously deemed only for men. They successfully navigated the give-and-take of local Jordanian politics. In the process they gained a hard-won, invaluable political education and emerged as Jordan’s first sizable body of experienced women politicians on the local level. This article draws on extensive personal interviews with twenty-six female councillors from the first cohort of women elected under the quota. The results show that even a quota enacted in a clientelist system such as Jordan’s can bring positive change for women’s representation in politics.
This GSoD In Focus showcases global and regional data around trends in and the progression of gender equality, based on data from the Global State of Democracy (GSoD) Indices. The GSoD Indices are International IDEA’s measurement of democracy for 158 countries between 1975 and 2017.
The political position of women today is better than just 20 years ago. Trends in the GSoD Indices Gender Equality subcomponent show improvement in gender equality in every region of the world. Women are in more positions of political power, are more represented in the political sphere, have higher access to education and less barriers to civil society participation. In 1997, only 3 per cent of countries had a lower chamber legislature made up of more than 30 per cent women; in 2017, this had risen to 28 per cent of countries. These gains should be celebrated, although much progress remains to be made before most countries have a critical minority of women in parliament. Furthermore, progress with women in ministerial positions is slower. Although gender equality is a necessary ingredient for a healthy democracy, some of the countries in the GSoD sample have a high proportion of women in political office coupled with low levels of democratic performance overall. While these countries are often hailed for their high levels of gender equality, these gains need to be analysed critically, as women’s political agency within regimes that have democratic deficits may be limited.
Click here to see the report.
The report looks at whether women’s capabilities and actions in different spheres lead them to have more presence and influence within private and public decision-making. Based on a review of over 400 sources, the report is organised around thematic chapters on women's:
- political participation, including in peace processes, constitutional reform, political parties and through quotas;
- social activism, through social mobilisation and social accountability processes; and
- economic empowerment, through access to financial and productive assets and the labour market.
Overall, it is known much more about women’s exercise of voice, than about when and how they are effective leaders and influencers. A large body of research clearly shows that a woman’s ownership of assets and employment can increase her power within the household, but little is known about how this effects her public power. While increases in the number of women in leadership positions is itself a measure of gender equality, there is no automatic link between increases in the power of individual women and more equitable political settlements or improved outcomes for women more broadly. However, the evidence is unequivocal that women women’s collective action through social movements, political coalitions and economic associations has driven legal, policy and social norm change in many countries. What is less understood is how different political settlements shape women's power and influence, and how women in public navigate and reshape gendered institutions, relationships and networks.
Click here to see the report.
The government's disposition toward citizens' rights and freedoms is a measure of its openness and an indicator of the type of relationship it holds with them. The constitution stands as the most powerful reflection of that relationship. Egypt certainly has a long-standing tradition of drafting constitutions as a political process. Throughout that tradition, granting certain rights or consolidating some forms of government were constantly pursued and this is evident in Egyptian constitutions since 1923. Citizen participation has always been an integral part of drawing Egyptian constitutions up, with advocacy playing a role in guaranteeing rights for all, men and women.
Egyptian women played a major role in the country’s transformations throughout history, especially in drafting constitutions. Since Egyptian women participated in the 1919 Protests, their rights have become a key issue in the public sphere. Demands were put forward to include some rights for women in Egyptian constitutions.
Nazra for Feminist Studies is issuing this paper in February 2019, after the Egyptian Parliament’s general session of February 14, when Parliament referred the Constitutional Amendments Proposal (suggesting amendments to several articles in the 2014 Egyptian constitution) to the Constitutional and Legislative Committee for review. In this paper, we shall discuss the overall state of women’s rights in Egypt in light of the proposed amendments, as we attempt to answer some basic questions: will amendments to the 2014 Constitution benefit women? Do the proposed amendments include more rights for women? Do Egyptian women in 2019 need constitutional amendments that would extend the president’s term, hence detract from the principle of separation of powers and other rights and freedoms (including women’s rights), already guaranteed by the 2014 Constitution? Finally, would raising women’s quotas in Egyptian elected councils be conducive to women’s right to participate in politics or is women’s limited participation attributed to more complex factors?
Click here to see the report.